Chosen Solution

I have the Mac Pro early 2009, 8-core; CPU board has an old stain which appears to have been a leak, pretty large, on the surface of the right side. Is there liquid coolant in the heat sink? I can see a copper pipe in between the vanes. I thought liquid cooling was abandoned after the G5 problems. Machine still runs fine so I don’t know what to make of it or if I should replace the board.

Yes! The heat transfer tubes are filled with a coolant which has now leaked out. I would stop using the system until you get the heat sink repaired otherwise you risk damaging your system.